附录B CMMI特定目标（SG）和特定实践（SP）汇总
CMMI 2级过程域：需求管理（REQM） | ||
SG1 | Manage Requirements 管理需求 | |
| SP 1.1 | Obtain an Understanding of Requirements 获得对需求的理解 |
| SP 1.2 | Obtain Commitment to Requirements 获得对需求的承诺 |
| SP 1.3 | Manage Requirements Changes 管理需求的变更 |
| SP 1.4 | Maintain Bidirectional Traceability of Requirements 维护需求的双向可追溯性 |
| SP 1.5 | Identify Inconsistencies Between Project Work and Requirements 识别项目工作与需求的不一致之处 |
CMMI 2级过程域：项目规划（PP） | ||
SG1 | Establish Estimates 项目估算 | |
| SP 1.1 | Estimate the Scope of the Project 估算项目的范围 |
| SP 1.2 | Establish Estimates of Work Product and Task Attributes 估算项目属性 |
| SP 1.3 | Define Project Lifecycle 定义项目生存周期阶段 |
| SP 1.4 | Determine Estimates of Effort and Cost 估算工作量和成本 |
SG2 | Develop a Project Plan 制定项目计划 | |
| SP 2.1 | Establish the Budget and Schedule 编制预算和进度 |
| SP 2.2 | Identify Project Risks识别项目风险 |
| SP 2.3 | Plan for Data Management 项目数据的管理计划 |
| SP 2.4 | Plan for Project Resources 规划项目资源 |
| SP 2.5 | Plan for Needed Knowledge and Skills 知识和技能的计划 |
| SP 2.6 | Plan Stakeholder Involvement “项目干系人”的介入计划 |
| SP 2.7 | Establish the Project Plan 制定项目计划 |
SG3 | Obtain Commitment to the Plan 获得对计划的承诺 | |
| SP 3.1 | Review Plans That Affect the Project 审查从属计划 |
| SP 3.2 | Reconcile Work and Resource Levels协调工作与资源配置 |
| SP 3.3 | Obtain Plan Commitment 获得计划承诺 |
CMMI 2级过程域：项目监控（PMC） | ||
SG1 | Monitor Project Against Plan 依据计划监督项目 | |
| SP 1.1 | Monitor Project Planning Parameters 监督项目计划的参数 |
| SP 1.2 | Monitor Commitments 监督承诺 |
| SP 1.3 | Monitor Project Risks 监督项目风险 |
| SP 1.4 | Monitor Data Management 监督数据管理 |
| SP 1.5 | Monitor Stakeholder Involvement 监督干系人的介入 |
| SP 1.6 | Conduct Progress Reviews 项目进展审查 |
| SP 1.7 | Conduct Milestone Reviews 里程碑审查 |
SG2 | Manage Corrective Action to Closure 管理纠正措施 | |
| SP 2.1 | Analyze Issues 分析问题 |
| SP 2.2 | Take Corrective Action 采取纠正措施 |
| SP 2.3 | Manage Corrective Action 管理纠正措施 |
CMMI 2级过程域： 供应商协议管理（SAM） | ||
SG1 | Establish Supplier Agreements 签定供应商协议 | |
| SP 1.1 | Determine Acquisition Type 确定采购方式 |
| SP 1.2 | Select Suppliers 选择供应商 |
| SP 1.3 | Establish Supplier Agreements 签定供应商协议 |
SG2 | Satisfy Supplier Agreements 满足供应商协议 | |
| SP 2.1 | Execute the Supplier Agreement 执行供应商协议 |
| SP 2.2 | Monitor Selected Supplier Processes 监督选定的供应过程 |
| SP 2.3 | Evaluate Selected Supplier Work Products 评价供应商产品 |
| SP 2.4 | Accept the Acquired Product 验收采购的产品 |
| SP 2.5 | Transition Products 移交产品 |
CMMI 2级过程域： 度量分析（MA） | ||
SG1 | Align Measurement and Analysis Activities 协调度量和分析活动 | |
| SP 1.1 | Establish Measurement Objectives 确定度量目标 |
| SP 1.2 | Specify Measures 细化度量 |
| SP 1.3 | Specify Data Collection and Storage Procedures 确定数据收集和存储规程 |
| SP 1.4 | Specify Analysis Procedures 确定分析规程 |
SG2 | Provide Measurement Results 提供度量结果 | |
| SP 2.1 | Collect Measurement Data 收集度量数据 |
| SP 2.2 | Analyze Measurement Data 分析度量数据 |
| SP 2.3 | Store Data and Results 存储数据和度量结果 |
| SP 2.4 | Communicate Results 通报度量结果 |
CMMI 2级过程域： 过程和产品质量保证（PPQA） | ||
SG1 | Objectively Evaluate Processes and Work Products 客观地评价过程和工作成果 | |
| SP 1.1 | Objectively Evaluate Processes 客观地评价过程 |
| SP 1.2 | Objectively Evaluate Work Products and Services 客观地评价工作成果和服务 |
SG2 | Provide Objective Insight 提供客观的洞察 | |
| SP 2.1 | Communicate and Ensure Resolution of Noncompliance Issues 通报不符合项，并确保得到解决 |
| SP 2.2 | Establish Records 建立记录 |
CMMI 2级过程域： 配置管理（CM） | ||
SG1 | Establish Baselines 建立基线 | |
| SP 1.1 | Identify Configuration Items 识别配置项 |
| SP 1.2 | Establish a Configuration Management System 建立配置管理系统 |
| SP 1.3 | Create or Release Baselines 创建或发布基线 |
SG2 | Track and Control Changes 跟踪并控制变更 | |
| SP 2.1 | Track Change Requests 跟踪变更请求 |
| SP 2.2 | Control Configuration Items 控制变更 |
SG3 | Establish Integrity 建立完整性 | |
| SP 3.1 | Establish Configuration Management Records 建立配置管理记录 |
| SP 3.2 | Perform Configuration Audits 执行配置审计 |
CMMI 3级过程域： 需求开发（RD） | ||
SG1 | Develop Customer Requirements 开发客户需求 | |
| SP 1.1 | Elicit Needs 获取客户的需要 |
| SP 1.2 | Develop the Customer Requirements 生成客户需求 |
SG2 | Develop Product Requirements 开发产品需求 | |
| SP 2.1 | Establish Product and Product Component Requirements 建立产品需求和构件需求 |
| SP 2.2 | Allocate Product Component Requirements 分配产品构件需求 |
| SP 2.3 | Identify Interface Requirements 确定接口需求 |
SG3 | Analyze and Validate Requirements 分析和确认需求 | |
| SP 3.1 | Establish Operational Concepts and Scenarios 建立操作概念和场景 |
| SP 3.2 | Establish a Definition of Required Functionality 定义功能需求 |
| SP 3.3 | Analyze Requirements 分析需求 |
| SP 3.4 | Analyze Requirements to Achieve Balance 平衡需求 |
| SP 3.5 | Validate Requirements 确认需求 |
CMMI 3级过程域： 技术方案（TS） | ||
SG1 | Select Product Component Solutions 选择产品构件方案 | |
| SP 1.1 | Develop Alternative Solutions and Selection Criteria 开发候选方案和选择准则 |
| SP 1.2 | Select Product Component Solutions 选择产品构件方案 |
SG2 | Develop the Design 设计 | |
| SP 2.1 | Design the Product or Product Component 设计产品或构件 |
| SP 2.2 | Establish a Technical Data Package 建立技术数据包 |
| SP 2.3 | Design Interfaces Using Criteria 设计接口 |
| SP 2.4 | Perform Make, Buy, or Reuse Analyses 分析“制作、购买或重用” |
SG3 | Implement the Product Design 实现产品设计 | |
| SP 3.1 | Implement the Design 实现构件的设计 |
| SP 3.2 | Develop Product Support Documentation 编写产品支持文档 |
CMMI 3级过程域： 产品集成（PI） | ||
SG1 | Prepare for Product Integration 准备产品集成 | |
| SP 1.1 | Determine Integration Sequence 确定集成次序 |
| SP 1.2 | Establish the Product Integration Environment 建立产品集成环境 |
| SP 1.3 | Establish Product Integration Procedures and Criteria 建立产品集成规程和准则 |
SG2 | Ensure Interface Compatibility 确保接口兼容 | |
| SP 2.1 | Review Interface Descriptions for Completeness 审查接口描述的完备性 |
| SP 2.2 | Manage Interfaces 管理接口 |
SG3 | Assemble Product Components and Deliver the Product 组装产品构件和交付产品 | |
| SP 3.1 | Confirm Readiness of Product Components for Integration确认产品集成已准备就绪 |
| SP 3.2 | Assemble Product Components 组装产品构件 |
| SP 3.3 | Evaluate Assembled Product Components 核查组装的产品构件 |
| SP 3.4 | Package and Deliver the Product or Product Component 打包并交付产品或构件 |
CMMI 3级过程域： 验证（VER） | ||
SG1 | Prepare for Verification 准备验证 | |
| SP 1.1 | Select Work Products for Verification 选择待验证的工作成果 |
| SP 1.2 | Establish the Verification Environment 建立验证环境 |
| SP 1.3 | Establish Verification Procedures and Criteria 建立验证规程和准则 |
SG2 | Perform Peer Reviews 执行同行评审 | |
| SP 2.1 | Prepare for Peer Reviews 准备同行评审 |
| SP 2.2 | Conduct Peer Reviews 执行同行评审 |
| SP 2.3 | Analyze Peer Review Data 分析同行评审数据 |
SG3 | Verify Selected Work Products 验证选定的工作成果 | |
| SP 3.1 | Perform Verification 执行验证 |
| SP 3.2 | Analyze Verification Results 分析验证结果 |
CMMI 3级过程域： 确认（VAL） | ||
SG1 | Prepare for Validation 准备确认 | |
| SP 1.1 | Select Products for Validation 选择待确认的产品 |
| SP 1.2 | Establish the Validation Environment 建立确认环境 |
| SP 1.3 | Establish Validation Procedures and Criteria 建立确认规程和准则 |
SG2 | Validate Product or Product Components 确认产品或构件 | |
| SP 2.1 | Perform Validation 执行确认 |
| SP 2.2 | Analyze Validation Results 分析确认结果 |
CMMI 3级过程域： 组织过程焦点（OPF） | ||
SG1 | Determine Process Improvement Opportunities 确定过程改进机会 | |
| SP 1.1 | Establish Organizational Process Needs 建立组织过程的需要 |
| SP 1.2 | Appraise the Organization’s Processes 评估组织过程 |
| SP 1.3 | Identify the Organization's Process Improvements 识别组织的过程改进机会 |
SG2 | Plan and Implement Process Improvements 规划和实施过程改进 | |
| SP 2.1 | Establish Process Action Plans 制定过程行动计划 |
| SP 2.2 | Implement Process Action Plans 实施过程行动计划 |
SG3 | Deploy Organizational Process Assets and Incorporate Lessons Learned 部署组织过程财富 | |
| SP 3.1 | Deploy Organizational Process Assets 部署组织过程财富 |
| SP 3.2 | Deploy Standard Processes 部署标准过程 |
| SP 3.3 | Monitor Implementation 监督实施 |
| SP 3.4 | Incorporate Process-Related Experiences into the Organizational Process Assets |
CMMI 3级过程域： 组织过程定义（OPD） | ||
SG1 | Establish Organizational Process Assets 创建组织过程财富 | |
| SP 1.1 | Establish Standard Processes 建立标准过程 |
| SP 1.2 | Establish Lifecycle Model Descriptions 建立生存周期模型描述 |
| SP 1.3 | Establish Tailoring Criteria and Guidelines 建立裁剪准则和指南 |
| SP 1.4 | Establish the Organization’s Measurement Repository 建立组织度量库 |
| SP 1.5 | Establish the Organization’s Process Asset Library 建立组织过程财富库 |
| SP 1.6 | Establish Work Environment Standards 建立工作环境标准 |
CMMI 3级过程域： 组织培训（OT） | ||
SG1 | Establish an Organizational Training Capability 建立组织级培训能力 | |
| SP 1.1 | Establish the Strategic Training Needs 确定战略培训需求 |
| SP 1.2 | Determine Which Training Needs Are the Responsibility of the Organization 确定由组织负责的培训需求 |
| SP 1.3 | Establish an Organizational Training Tactical Plan 建立组织培训计划 |
| SP 1.4 | Establish Training Capability 建立培训能力 |
SG2 | Provide Necessary Training 提供必要的培训 | |
| SP 2.1 | Deliver Training 交付培训 |
| SP 2.2 | Establish Training Records 建立培训记录 |
| SP 2.3 | Assess Training Effectiveness评价培训效果 |
CMMI 3级过程域： 集成化项目管理（IPM） | ||
SG1 | Use the Project’s Defined Process 应用项目定义过程 | |
| SP 1.1 | Establish the Project’s Defined Process 建立项目定义过程 |
| SP 1.2 | Use Organizational Process Assets for Planning Project Activities |
| SP 1.3 | Establish the Project's Work Environment 建立项目工作环境 |
| SP 1.4 | Integrate Plans 集成计划 |
| SP 1.5 | Manage the Project Using the Integrated Plans 利用集成计划管理项目 |
| SP 1.6 | Contribute to the Organizational Process Assets 充实组织过程财富 |
SG2 | Coordinate and Collaborate with Relevant Stakeholders 与相关干系人协调和合作 | |
| SP 2.1 | Manage Stakeholder Involvement 管理干系人的介入 |
| SP 2.2 | Manage Dependencies 管理依存关系 |
| SP 2.3 | Resolve Coordination Issues 解决协调问题 |
CMMI 3级过程域： 风险管理（RSKM） | ||
SG1 | Prepare for Risk Management 风险管理准备 | |
| SP 1.1 | Determine Risk Sources and Categories 确定风险来源和类别 |
| SP 1.2 | Define Risk Parameters 定义风险参数 |
| SP 1.3 | Establish a Risk Management Strategy 建立风险管理策略 |
SG2 | Identify and Analyze Risks 识别和分析风险 | |
| SP 2.1 | Identify Risks 识别风险 |
| SP 2.2 | Evaluate, Categorize, and Prioritize Risks 风险评估、分类和确定优先级 |
SG3 | Mitigate Risks 缓解风险 | |
| SP 3.1 | Develop Risk Mitigation Plans 制定风险缓解计划 |
| SP 3.2 | Implement Risk Mitigation Plans 实施风险缓解计划 |
CMMI 3级过程域： 决策分析与解决方案（DAR） | ||
SG1 | Evaluate Alternatives 评价候选方案 | |
| SP 1.1 | Establish Guidelines for Decision Analysis 建立决策分析指导原则 |
| SP 1.2 | Establish Evaluation Criteria 建立评价准则 |
| SP 1.3 | Identify Alternative Solutions 确定候选解决方案 |
| SP 1.4 | Select Evaluation Methodsc 选择评价方法 |
| SP 1.5 | Evaluate Alternatives 评价候选方案 |
| SP 1.6 | Select Solutions 选择解决方案 |
CMMI 4级过程域： 组织过程绩效（OPP） | ||
SG1 | Establish Performance Baselines and Models 建立性能基线和模型 | |
| SP 1.1 | Select Processes 选择过程 |
| SP 1.2 | Establish Process-Performance Measures 建立过程性能度量 |
| SP 1.3 | Establish Quality and Process-Performance Objectives 建立质量和过程性能目标 |
| SP 1.4 | Establish Process-Performance Baselines 建立过程性能基线 |
| SP 1.5 | Establish Process-Performance Models 建立过程性能模型 |
CMMI 4级过程域： 定量项目管理 | ||
SG1 | Quantitatively Manage the Project 定量项目管理 | |
| SP 1.1 | Establish the Project’s Objectives 建立项目目标 |
| SP 1.2 | Compose the Defined Process 组成项目定义过程 |
| SP 1.3 | Select the Subprocesses that Will Be Statistically Managed 选择用于定量管理的子过程 |
| SP 1.4 | Manage Project Performance 管理项目性能 |
SG2 | Statistically Manage Subprocess Performance 统计管理子过程性能 | |
| SP 2.1 | Select Measures and Analytic Techniques 选择度量和分析技术 |
| SP 2.2 | Apply Statistical Methods to Understand Variation 运用统计方法理解过程变动 |
| SP 2.3 | Monitor Performance of the Selected Subprocesses 监督选定的子过程性能 |
| SP 2.4 | Record Statistical Management Data 记录统计管理数据 |
CMMI 5级过程域： 组织革新与部署 | ||
SG1 | Select Improvements 选择改进 | |
| SP 1.1 | Collect and Analyze Improvement Proposals 收集和分析改进建议 |
| SP 1.2 | Identify and Analyze Innovations 识别革新 |
| SP 1.3 | Pilot Improvements 试点改进 |
| SP 1.4 | Select Improvements for Deployment 选择用于部署的改进 |
SG2 | Deploy Improvements 部署改进 | |
| SP 2.1 | Plan the Deployment 计划部署 |
| SP 2.2 | Manage the Deployment 管理部署 |
| SP 2.3 | Measure Improvement Effects 度量改进效果 |
CMMI 5级过程域： 原因分析与解决方案 | ||
SG1 | Determine Causes of Defects 确定缺陷原因 | |
| SP 1.1 | Select Defect Data for Analysis 选择待分析的缺陷数据 |
| SP 1.2 | Analyze Causes 分析原因 |
SG2 | Address Causes of Defects 解决产生缺陷的根源 | |
| SP 2.1 | Implement the Action Proposals 实施行动建议 |
| SP 2.2 | Evaluate the Effect of Changes 评价变更的效果 |
| SP 2.3 | Record Data 记录数据 |